Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are terms often used interchangeably, which can lead to some confusion. Here at ThriVe+, we understand the power of information, so in this blog, we’re going to give you the information and tools to understand sexually transmitted infections and diseases so that you can maintain your optimal sexual health.
At ThriVe+, we’re dedicated to supporting you with compassion and understanding—no judgment. If you have any questions or need testing, please reach out to us.
What is an STI?
STI stands for sexually transmitted infection. STIs occur when bacteria, viruses, or parasites are transmitted to the body through sexual activities like vaginal, anal, or oral sex. They can also spread through non-sexual ways, such as sharing needles, which is typically associated with illegal drug use. Many STIs may not show symptoms, which is why regular screenings are important for early identification and treatment.
What is an STD?
An STD is the result of an untreated STI that has progressed and started to disrupt normal bodily functions. While all STDs originate from STIs, not all STIs will develop into STDs. The key difference is that an infection might not always cause symptoms or significant health problems, whereas a disease typically involves noticeable symptoms and health issues. This distinction underscores the need for early detection and treatment to prevent complications.
Common Types of STIs
There are several types of STIs, categorized by the pathogens that cause them.
Here are the most common in each category:
- Bacterial STIs: Chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis
- Viral STIs: Hepatitis B, herpes simplex virus (HSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human papillomavirus (HPV)
- Parasitic STIs: Trichomoniasis
Each of these infections can impact health differently and may require different treatments.
What are STI Symptoms?
STI symptoms4 can vary widely depending on the type of infection. Common symptoms include:
- Pain or discomfort during sexual activities or when urinating
- Sores, bumps, or rashes around the genital, anal, or mouth areas
- Unusual discharge or bleeding from the vagina or penis
- Vaginal itchiness
- Swelling or pain in the testicles
- Bleeding outside of regular periods or after sexual activity
- Flu-like symptoms such as fever, body aches, fatigue, headaches
It’s crucial to understand that many STIs are asymptomatic, meaning they may not show any symptoms. However, even if there are no symptoms, they could still cause long-term damage without treatment and can still be transmitted to others.
Getting Tested for STIs
Regular STI testing is vital for maintaining sexual health, even if you are not experiencing symptoms. STI testing typically involves:
- Physical exams: A healthcare provider examines for signs of infection.
- Swabs of bodily fluids: Samples from the affected areas are analyzed.
- Blood tests: These can detect infections like HIV and syphilis.
Protecting Yourself from STIs
Preventing STIs involves a combination of safe sex practices and regular testing.
Here are some key steps:
- Use condoms: Proper use of condoms can significantly reduce the risk of STIs transmitted through bodily fluids, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and HIV. Condoms are less effective in preventing the spread of STIs through bodily contact, such as herpes and syphilis.
- Regular testing: Get tested regularly, especially if you have a new partner or multiple partners. ThriVe+ offers lab-quality STI testing at no cost to you!
- Open communication: Discuss sexual history and STI testing with partners before engaging in sexual activity. If it feels unsafe to talk about these things, or your partner gets defensive when you ask about getting tested for STIs, this may be a sign that sex is not a healthy or safe option for the relationship. Open communication and feeling safe and respected are the bare minimum for a SAFE sexual relationship.
- Vaccinations: Get vaccinated for preventable infections like HPV and hepatitis B.
- Abstinence: The only way to fully prevent STIs is by delaying sexual activity until a mutually monogamous, committed relationship (such as marriage) with a partner who is also STI-free. Instead of thinking about abstinence as not having sex, think of it as waiting to have sex until it’s a physically and mentally safe choice!
Understanding the differences between STIs and STDs is crucial for sexual health. While not all STIs progress to STDs, untreated infections can lead to serious health problems, such as reproductive organ damage, cancer, and organ failure. Regular testing, safe sex practices, and open communication with partners are essential for preventing the spread of sexually transmitted infections and maintaining overall well-being.
If you suspect you may have an STI or need more information on testing and treatment, consult a healthcare provider.
STD Treatment and Testing Available in St. Louis
At ThriVe+, we understand that discussing STDs can be challenging, but it’s an essential part of taking care of your sexual health. That’s why we passionately support shame-free and no-cost STD testing for all women. No matter where you are in life, we are here to provide a safe and supportive space for both your emotions and your health.
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